基于MU+DSP的小型水轮发电机组

嵌入式微处理器MC68HC912DG128A 和DSP TMS320F2812应用于小型水轮发电机单元智能监控主、辅装置，克服了可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）在小型水轮发电机组监控应用中难以实现单元监控的困难，简化了外围集成电路和数据采集接口，增强了单元监控系统内部和系统之间的数据交互能力，提高了小型水轮发电机单元监控自动化水平。文中具体介绍了两类不同处理器的特点及其在水轮发电机组单元监控装置中的应用，同时引入了流程设计方案的概念，实现了单元监控系统的现场可编程功能。测试结果表明，监控装置适合于小型水电站智能监控。     

论拖拉机造型的时代性

通过回顾拖拉机造型的发展过程，分析了不同时期拖拉机的各种造型特征，提出了各个阶段拖拉机造型的模型，指出为适应市场竞争，必须重视拖拉机造型设计。     

太行山前平原井灌农田点尺度土壤水分动态随机模拟

基于中国科学院栾城农业生态系统试验站2002—2008年夏玉米生长期内的土壤水分观测数据及2000—2008年的降水(灌溉)、气象、生物数据,结合Laio土壤水分动态随机模型研究了太行山山前平原典型农田点尺度土壤水分动态的随机性。结果表明:研究区2000—2008年夏玉米生长期内日平均降水量为10.71 mm,降水频率0.290 9,其中小雨、暴雨的发生频率表现出明显上升趋势,中雨的发生频率呈显著下降趋势,大雨发生频率表现出微弱下降倾向;玉米生长期的土壤含水率6月份处于增长期,7月份达到生长期最高值并稳定在32.2%的水平,8月份以后下降并在9月份趋于稳定;Laio模型模拟得到土壤相对湿度的概率密度函数在曲线形状(峰值、峰值出现的位置、90%置信区间)与数字特征(中位数、均值、方差)方面与观测结果一致(α=0.05),模型在井灌区具有很好的适用性,且可以将灌溉作为一次降雨事件来处理;应用Laio模型得到在多年平均降雨条件下,32.1 mm的田间净灌溉量可以在50%水平上使夏玉米生长期内的土壤含水率保持在田间持水量的80%以上。     

家蚕亲环蛋白A基因(BmCyPA)的克隆与表达分析

亲环蛋白(CyP)能与免疫抑制剂环孢霉素A(CsA)结合而作为CsA的胞内受体。在已构建的家蚕蛹cDNA文库中获得了家蚕亲环蛋白A(BmCyPA)基因的cDNA序列。利用生物信息学方法对此序列的开放阅读框(ORF)和序列同源性等进行分析,并以家蚕蛹总RNA反转录的cDNA为材料克隆了BmCyPA,通过原核表达目的蛋白后,将纯化的BmCyPA融合蛋白免疫新西兰兔得到抗血清,Western blotting检测目的蛋白在蚕体中得到表达。利用荧光定量PCR方法检测家蚕5龄幼虫各组织中BmCyPA mRNA的转录水平,由高到低依次为脂肪体、丝腺、中肠、马氏管、表皮、头部、气门、卵巢;Western blotting检测BmCyPA在5龄幼虫各组织中的表达水平,由高到低依次为脂肪体、气门、表皮、马氏管、中肠、丝腺、头部和卵巢。亚细胞定位显示Bm-CyPA在细胞质与细胞核中均有分布。推测BmCyPA与家蚕的生长发育以及促进蛋白质折叠和介导免疫应答等有密切联系。     

甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测能力验证样品制备及其应用效果评价

为考核实验室检测甲型H1N1流感病毒的能力,设计和实施了“CNAS T0459甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测能力验证计划”.利用甲型H1N1流感病毒(2009)和经典H1N1猪流感病毒核酸标准物质制备6组能力验证阳性样品,经实验室检测分析,所制备的样品均匀性和稳定性均达到中国合格评定国家认可委员会对能力验证样品的要求.将6组阳性样品和1组阴性样品编号后下发54家参试实验室,共有50家实验室报送了有效数据,其中完全达到能力验证要求的实验室共34家,满意率达68％,其余16家为不满意实验室,包括8家实验室检测经典H1N1猪流感病毒满意,但甲型H1N1流感病毒(2009)特异性检测不满意.本次能力验证为整体提升我国甲型H1N1流感病毒的检测水平和评估各级实验室检测能力具有重要意义.     

日粮内添加盐穗木对卡拉库尔羊瘤胃内环境的影响

采用自身对照法试验设计,将9只健康的卡拉库尔公羊分为3组,即对照组、试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ,研究在日粮中添加盐穗木对卡拉库尔羊瘤胃内环境的影响,结果显示:日粮中添加100 g盐穗木有降低卡拉库尔羊瘤胃液pH值和氨氮(NH3-N)含量的趋势,但盐穗木添加量为200 g时会提高瘤胃液pH值;添加100 g盐穗木可提高瘤胃中菌体蛋白含量,添加量为200 g时会降低菌体蛋白含量;日粮中添加盐穗木对卡拉库尔羊瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量无影响,有增大乙酸/丙酸比的趋势。     

阿拉善沙拐枣引种驯化栽培试验

通过10年(2001～2010)的驯化栽培,将具有高抗旱、耐风沙的野生灌木阿拉善沙拐枣从民勤沙区引种至兰州获得成功.试验结果表明:经过驯化栽培,该种植物在兰州地区人工栽培条件下,能够正常生长、结籽和成熟,从播种(移栽)出苗(萌发)至结籽成熟生长160d以上.植株高度80～113cm,5月出苗(萌发),8月开花,10月种子成熟.干鲜比1:4.4,茎叶比1:2.0.种子产量538.4kg/hm2(千粒重64.46g),青草产最12809.8kg/hm2.根系发达,生长速度快,种植第5年的植株地上和地下生物量各接近50％,其根系具有很强的同土护坡能力.营养含量中等,可消化吸收率高.阿拉善沙拐枣在我国黄土高原干旱、半干旱地区可作为水土保持和生态建设灌木树种使用,亦可饲用.种植方式以育苗移栽效果最佳,耐粗放管理,种苗成活后不再需浇水、施肥.     

Confirmation of hybrid origin in Arisaema (Araceae) using molecular markers

A population of hybrids between Arisaema triphyllum subsp. stewardsonii and A. dracontium was investigated using molecular markers to document the hybrid origin. Total genomic DNA was extracted from A. triphyllum, A. dracontium, and the hybrids, and subjected to sequence analysis of various regions of intergenic spacer and genes of chloroplast or intergenic spacer and genes of nuclear ribosome for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Clustering was performed using the unweighted pair group method with averages (UPGMA) tested by bootstrap (BS). Hybrid origin could not be easily confirmed in some regions. However, dendrograms constructed with a combined sequence analysis of A. triphyllum 26S ribosomal RNA gene [sequence identification (SI) 467] plus A. tortuosum phytochrome C-like (phyC) gene (SI 468) were very similar to dendrograms constructed from sequences of all regions. This suggests that selecting SI 467 and SI 468 would be practical to identify hybrid origins involving two parental species. Clustering of hybrids together with the female parent in most target regions suggests that, in Arisaema, cpDNA is considered maternally inherited.     

Effect of concentrated decoction of Chinese herbal compound Buyanghuanwutang on cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway in hippocampus of rats with vascular dementia

AIM: To evaluate the role of concentrated decoction of Chinese herbal compound Buyanghuanwutang (BYHWT) in cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)-protein kinase A(PKA)-cAMP response element-binding protein(CREB) signaling pathway in hippocampus of rats with vascular dementia (VD). METHODS: The rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (sham-operated rats treated with normal saline), VD model group (VD rats treated with normal saline), BYHWT treatment group (VD rats treated with BYHWT) and nimodipment treating group (VD rats treated with nimodipine). The rat model of VD was build by the method of four-vessel occlusion. The rats in all 4 groups were administered with the corresponding reagents for successive 30 days. The content of cAMP was measured by radioimmunoassay. The expression of PKA catalytic subunit (PKAc) was observed by Western blotting. The changes of DNA-binding activity of CREB in rat hippocampus were detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: The content of cAMP, the expression of PKAc and the DNA-bingding activity of CREB in the hippocampus of VD rats were lower than those in the hippocampus of sham-operated rats (P<0.01). The above indexes in both nimodipine treatment group and BYHWT treatment group were definitely higher than those in VD model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: BYHWT increases the content of cAMP, the expression of PKAc and the DNA-binding activity of CREB in VD rat hippocampus, thus strengthening the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway.